0102030405
Ritonavir Yakanyanya Kutengesa Zvishandiso Anti-Virus
Tsanangudzo Yakadzama
Ritonavir, mushonga weantiretroviral, unowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nemimwe mishonga kurapa HIV/AIDS. Iyi musanganiswa therapy, inozivikanwa seyakanyanya active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), yakaratidza kushanda mukugadzirisa mamiriro. Ritonavir inoverengerwa seprotease inhibitor, asi basa rayo rekutanga kusimudzira simba remamwe maprotease inhibitor.
Pamusoro pekushandiswa kwayo mukurapa HIV/AIDS, ritonavir yakashandiswawo mukubatana nemimwe mishonga kurapa hepatitis C uye, nguva pfupi yadarika, COVID-19. Inotorwa nemuromo nenzira yemapiritsi kana capsules. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti bioavailability yemapiritsi eritonavir nemacapsules anogona kusiyana, aine mapiritsi anogona kukonzera kuwanda kwepamusoro kweplasma.Ritonavir inoshanda se inhibitor yeHIV protease enzyme, ichikanganisa kubereka kweutachiona. Kunyange zvazvo yakatanga kugadzirwa seyakazvimiririra antiviral agent, yakaratidza zvinhu zvinobatsira kana ichishandiswa mumisanganiswa regimens ine yakaderera-dose ritonavir nemamwe maprotease inhibitors. Mazuva ano, inonyanya kushandiswa sekuwedzera kweimwe protease inhibitors. Inowanikwa mune zvese zviri zviviri kugadzirwa kwemvura uye se capsules.
Kushandiswa kukuru kweritonavir kuri mukurapa varwere vane HIV, kunyanya Type 1, inova ndiyo ine ngozi uye yatekeshera. Inowanzo kusanganiswa nemumwe mushonga weantiretroviral unonzi lopinavir kuwedzera kushanda kwekurapa. Lopinavir ne ritonavir zvinoshanda pamwechete kudzivirira nekudzikisa kuburitswa kweutachiona hweHIV mumuviri. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti lopinavir uye ritonavir hausi mushonga weHIV uye hazvidziviriri kutapurirana kwehutachiona kubva kune mumwe munhu kuenda kune mumwe.
Kana ikashandiswa pamwe chete nemimwe mishonga yeHIV, ritonavir inobatsira kudzora utachiona hweHIV nekuderedza huwandu hweHIV mumuviri. Izvi, zvakare, zvinovandudza kushanda kweiyo immune system, kuderedza njodzi yematambudziko uye kuwedzera huwandu hwehupenyu hwese. Ritonavir ndeyeboka remaprotease inhibitors uye inoshanda nekuwedzera mamwe maprotease inhibitors, zvichiwedzera kushanda kwawo.Zvakakosha kuti varwere vazive kuti ritonavir hairape utachiona hweHIV. Kuti uderedze njodzi yekutapurira chirwere ichi, zvakakosha kutevedzera chirongwa chakapihwa chemishonga yeHIV. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandisa nzira dzekudzivirira dzinoshanda senge latex kana polyurethane makondomu panguva yekuita bonde uye kudzivirira kugovana zvinhu zvemunhu zvinogona kunge zvakasangana neropa kana zvinwiwa zvemuviri matanho akakosha ekutora.
Yakagadzirwa senge inhibitor yeHIV protease, ritonavir haichawanzo shandiswa kuita yayo yega antiviral. Pane kudaro, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sekuwedzera kweimwe protease inhibitors. Ritonavir inhibits enzyme inozivikanwa se cytochrome P450-3A4 (CYP3A4), iyo inokonzera metabolizing protease inhibitors. Nekusunga uye kuvharira CYP3A4, ritonavir inogonesa madosi mashoma emamwe maprotease inhibitors kuti ashandiswe, kuvandudza kushanda kwawo uye kuderedza mhedzisiro yakaipa. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kuvharirwa kweCYP3A4 kunogonawo kukanganisa kushanda kwemimwe mishonga, zvichiunza matambudziko paunenge uchinyora zvinodhaka panguva imwe chete.
Muchidimbu, ritonavir chinhu chakakosha pakurapa HIV/AIDS, kushanda seprotease inhibitor uye inosimudzira mamwe maprotease inhibitors. Kunyanya kushandiswa kwayo kuri mukurapa HIV, kunyanya Type 1. Kunyange ichibatsira kudzora utachiona hweHIV nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu, haisi mushonga uye haidziviriri kutapurirwa kwehutachiona. Kunzwisisa mashandiro emushonga uye kutevedzera nzira dzekurapa dzakatarwa kwakakosha pakugadzirisa mamiriro acho nemazvo.
Muchidimbu, ritonavir chinhu chakakosha pakurapa HIV/AIDS, kushanda seprotease inhibitor uye inosimudzira mamwe maprotease inhibitors. Kunyanya kushandiswa kwayo kuri mukurapa HIV, kunyanya Type 1. Kunyange ichibatsira kudzora utachiona hweHIV nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu, haisi mushonga uye haidziviriri kutapurirwa kwehutachiona. Kunzwisisa mashandiro emushonga uye kutevedzera nzira dzekurapa dzakatarwa kwakakosha pakugadzirisa mamiriro acho nemazvo.
Tsanangudzo
